Successful and effective online teaching and learning environments are designed to promote high levelsof:
Cognitive Presence:“the extent to which students are able to construct and confirm meaning throughsustained discourse in a community of inquiry” and it isachieved in concert with effective teachingpresence and satisfactory social presence.
Social Presence:the “abilityof students to project themselves socially andeffectively into a communityof inquiry” and is deemed critical in the absence of physical presence and attendant teacher immediacynecessary to sustain learning in the classroom.
Teaching Presence: “the design, facilitation, and direction of cognitive and social processes for therealization of personally meaningful and educationally worthwhile learning outcomes.” Teachingpresence has three components (1)instructionaldesign andorganization, (2)discourse facilitation, and(3)directinstruction.(*Garrison D. R., 2000).
Cognitive Presence - from Camp Designby Dr. Lora Taub, Dean of Digital Learning at Muhlenberg College.
Social Presence - from Camp Design by Dr. Lora Taub, Dean of Digital Learning at Muhlenberg College.